The soil is the support for the plants, provides the necessary minerals for their development, and it is the habitat of the microorganisms that facilitate their nutrition. They also contribute to the parental material transformation that originates it up to a formation of a horizon where the roots and organism interact. These inter-relations influence the soil-plant-microorganisms-environment interaction, and they have direct repercussions over the growth as well as the development of the vegetable species. In this sense, this document sets out from the question whether the olive (Olea europea L.) adapted to the edaphic and climate conditions of the High Ricaurte in Boyacá-Colombia, becomes a productive and economical alternative, as well as for the recovery of the degraded soils of this area. Several studies in the area have found that the physical and chemical conditions of the rhizosphere zone of such plants have improved. Also, it achieves a growth and development that becomes productive. The endeavor of this revision was to obtain data that allow the comprehension of the processes at the trees rhizosphere. Thus, to understand the nutrient absorption dynamics in the tropics given that it depends on the amount and quality of the harvested olives; despite the lack of cultural practices such as the pruning, an essential activity for the olive production. The most relevant data found, reveal that the microorganism population is diverse, and in similar or superior amounts in relation to other studies in traditional productive areas. However, the flowering and fruiting do not occur in only one season of the year.