The Olive in Colombia is not an economically important agricultural activity, however in the Upper-Boyaca-Colombia Ricaurte has been practiced for over 200 years. Existing plantations totaling about 18,000 trees of which approximately 3000 are new plantations planted during the last four years, the others are trees over 30 years. No one knows these trees correspond to varieties, but are known by the name of some varieties Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. This study aimed to identify the trees planted in the region through molecular analysis, which were chosen for trees (39 trees of three and four years and over 30 others) in three municipalities and five farms. DNA was extracted using the method for identifying CTAB and varietal genetic markers were used based chain reaction Polymerase (PCR) with microsatellites (SSR). Of the 39 samples tested is that there are 10 genotypes where genotype 4 contains the greatest number of individuals both young trees as those over age 30, the farm where there is greater diversity "of La Rioja Villamiles" and more homogeneous "Las Acacias", both in Sutamarchán Boyacá. The genotypes found not correspond to the names given in the region, is also found that there are several cases of homonymy.