<p>Geography, in current times, is presented as a discipline open to dialogue with other fields of knowledge, which thereby seeks new theoretical and methodological frameworks that allow it to have a renewed view of its object of study, which is the geographic space. The above is making more and more diffuse the line that separates geography from other social sciences, giving the impression of an apparent state of crisis within the scientific community in the current times, by not having a clear awareness of the successive changes that are taking place inside the geographical discipline. This article reflects on the conceptual, theoretical, and methodological frameworks that have shaped the evolution of the geographic discipline, seen in the light of the postulates of Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos. By using the documentary review, belonging to the qualitative approach, the evolution of the geographical discipline is shown, marked by the conflict between positivist and historical hermeneutic research programs, currently made visible by the presence of the automated approaches and the post-modern humanist approach, which today constitute the two main perspectives from which geography is supported to tackle the most pressing social problems.</p>