Transitional justice in Colombia made passes at the level of the symbolic, not only under the assumption of failure, the conviction of the existence of tools to achieve peace and misrepresentation of his purposes as it is also linked with distrust State. Additionally, the dispute against the establishment of a transitional justice model, must start by recognizing the context of the armed conflict itself, since the elements inherited from the transitions from dictatorship to democracy presents difficulties when trying to mediate between the negotiated solution to the conflict and achieving peace versus annihilation the opposite or alternative sentencing. To this end , there is the recognition of the autonomy and participation of individuals and social groups to the development of peace and confront experiences serious violations of human rights , in court , finally , deals with the prosecution of those responsible for major crimes in Colombia , from the limitations of the criminal justice system and the need for demobilization of armed groups to achieve peace , recognizing in this regard that a solution must confront serious and realistic penalties applying to the determination of the causes structural conflict. We conclude that strategies to achieve peace and punishment of those responsible, must arise from community responses and broader allegations against the determinants of conflict.