Agudelo, P., Sánchez, L., García, A., Aguilar, L.C., Jaramillo, C. & Zapata, J. (2015). Hiperparatiroidismo nutricional de origen secundario en 3 yeguas de raza Criollo Colombiano
en Antioquia. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, 4(1), 74-82.

Azarpeykan, S., Dittmer, K. E., Gee, E. K., Marshall, J. C., Wallace, J., Elder, P., ... & Thompson, K. G. (2016). Influence of blanketing and season on vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, calcium,
phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations in horses in New Zealand. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 56, 75-84.

Benders, N. A., Junker, K., & Wensing, T. H. (2001). Diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism
in pony using intact parathyroid hormone radioimmunoassay. The Veterinary Record, 149, 185-187.

Berlin, D., & Aroch, I. (2009). Concentrations of ionized and total magnesium and calcium in
healthy horses: Effects of age, pregnancy, lactation, pH and simple type. The Veterinary Journal, 181(3), 305-311.

Bertuglia, A., Pagliara, E., Grego, E., Ricci, A., & Brkljaca-Bottegaro, N. (2016). Pro-inflammatory
cytokines and structural biomarkers are effective to categorize osteoarthritis phenotype and progression in Standardbred racehorses over five years of racing career. BMC veterinary
research, 12(1). Recuperado de https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27821120

Billinghurst, R. C., Brama, P. A. J., Van Weeren, P. R., Knowlton, M. S., & McIlwraith, C. W. (2003). Significant exercise-related changes in the serum levels of two biomarkers of collagen
metabolism in young horses. Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 11(10), 760-769.

Blaney, B. J., Gartner, R. J. W., & McKenzie, R. A. (1981). The inability of horses to absorb calcium from calcium oxalate. The Journal of AgriculturalScience, 97(3), 639-641.

Caballero, J.M. (1906) El veterinario en la Hacienda. Compedio práctico de medicina veterinaria Bogotá, Colombia: Imprenta de la luz librería americana.

Carstanjen, B., Amory, H., Sulon, J., Hars, O., Remy, B., Langlois, P., & Lepage, O. M. (2005). Serum Osteocalcin and CTX‐MMP Concentration in Young Exercising Thoroughbred Racehorses. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 52(3), 114-120.

Cehak, A., Wilkens, M. R., Guschlbauer, M., Mrochen, N., Schröder, B., Feige, K., & Breves, G.
(2012). In vitro studies on intestinal calcium and phosphate transport in horses. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 161(2), 259-264.

Clarke, C. J., Roeder, P. L., & Dixon, P. M. (1996). Nasal obstruction caused by nutritional osteodystrophia fibrosa in a group of Ethiopian horses. The Veterinary Record, 138(23), 568-
570.

Cooper, S. R., Topliff, D. R., Freeman, D. W., Collier, M. A., & Balch, O. K. (2001). Evaluation of
bone mineral content in equine cadavers and pregnant mares. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 21(9), 450-453.

Couetil L.L., Sojka J.E. & Nachreiner R.F. (1998). Primary hypoparathyroidism in a horse. Journal
of Veterinay Internal Medicine, 12(1), 45-49. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.1998.tb00496.x
Christy, A. L., D’Souza, V., Babu, R. P., Takodara, S., Manjrekar, P., Hegde, A., & Rukmini, M. S. (2014). Utility of C-terminal telopeptide in evaluating levothyroxine replacement therapyinduced
bone loss. Biomarker insights, 9, BMI-S13965.

David, J.B., Cohen, N.D. y Nachreiner, R., (1997). Equine nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism. The Compendium, 19(12), 1380-1387.

De Behr, V., Daron, D., Gabriel, A., Remy, B., Dufrasne, I., Serteyn, D. & Istasse, L. (2003). The
course of some bone remodelling plasma metabolites in healthy horses and in horses offered a calcium deficient diet. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal. Nutrition (Berl.), 87(3-4), 149-159.

Delguste, C., Amory, H., Doucet, M., Piccot-Crezollet, C., Thibaud, D., Garnero, P., ... &
Lepage, O. M. (2007). Pharmacological effects of tiludronate in horses after long-term immobilization. Bone, 41(3), 414-421.

Delguste, C., Amory, H., Guyonnet, J., Thibaud, D., Garnero, P., Detilleux, J., ... & Doucet, M.
(2008). Comparative pharmacokinetics of two intravenous administration regimens of tiludronate in healthy adult horses and effects on the bone resorption marker CTX‐1. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics, 31(2), 108-116.

Donabedian, M., Van Weeren, P. R., Perona, G., Fleurance, G., Robert, C., Leger, S., ... & Martin‐
Rosset, W. (2008). Early changes in biomarkers of skeletal metabolism and their association to the occurrence of osteochondrosis (OC) in the horse. Equine veterinary journal, 40(3), 253-259.

Egenvall, A., Bonnett, B. N., Olson, P., Penell, J., & Emanuelson, U. (2006). Association between
costly veterinary-care events and 5-year survival of Swedish insured warmblooded riding horses. Preventive veterinary medicine, 77(1), 122-136.

Eisenhauer, A., Müller, M., Heuser, A., Kolevica, A., Glüer, C. C., Both, M., ... & Schrezenmeir,
J. (2019). Calcium isotope ratios in blood and urine: A new biomarker for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Bone reports, 10. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100200

Fix A.S. & Miller L.D. (1987). Equine adrenocortical carcinoma with hypercalcemia. Veterinary
Pathology, 24, 190-192.

Frank N., Hawkins J.F., Couetil L.L. & Raimond J.T. (1998). Primary hyperparathyroidism with
osteodystrophia fibrosa of the facial bones in a pony. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association, 212(1), 84-86.

Frisbie, D. D., Al-Sobayil, F., Billinghurst, R. C., Kawcak, C. E. & McIlwraith, C. W. (2008). Changes in synovial fluid and serum biomarkers with exercise and early osteoarthritis in horses. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 16(10), 1196-1204.

Furtado, C. & Strauch, C. (2015). Caso clínico de osteodistrofía fibrosa en un equino hembra (Tesis
doctoral, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay).

Garnero, P., Piperno, M., Gineyts, E., Christgau, S., Delmas, P. D. & Vignon, E. (2001). Cross sectional evaluation of biochemical markers of bone, cartilage, and synovial tissue metabolism
in patients with knee osteoarthritis: relations with disease activity and joint damage. Annals
of the rheumatic diseases, 60(6), 619-626.
Glade, M. J., Krook, L., Schryver, H. F., & Hintz, H. F. (1982). Calcium metabolism in glucocorticoidtreated pony foals. The Journal of nutrition, 112(1), 77-86.

Hall, J. E. (2011). Guyton y Hall. Tratado de fisiología médica. Elsevier Health Sciences. Harmeyer, J., & Schlumbohm, C. (2004). Effects of pharmacological doses of vitamin D 3 on
mineral balance and profiles of plasma vitamin D 3 metabolites in horses. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 89, 595-600.

Hintz, H. F., Schryver, H. F., Doty, J., Lakin, C., & Zimmerman, R. A. (1984). Oxalic acid content
of alfalfa hays and its influence on the availability of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium to ponies. Journal of Animal Science, 58(4), 939-942.

Hudson N.P., Church D.B., Trevena J., Nielsen I.L., Majoy D. & Hodgson D.R. (1999). Primary hypoparathyroidism in two horses. Australian Veterinary Journal, 77, 504-5.

Hurcombe, S. D. A., Toribio, R. E., Slovis, N. M., Saville, W. J., Mudge, M. C., Macgillivray, K.,
& Frazer, M. L. (2009). Calcium regulating hormones and serum calcium and magnesium concentrations in septic and critically ill foals and their association with survival. Journal of
veterinary internal medicine, 23(2), 335-343.

Hurwitz, S. (1996). Homeostatic control of plasma calcium concentration. Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology, 31(1), 41-100.

Hussein, H., Ishihara, A., Menendez, M., & Bertone, A. (2014). Pharmacokinetics and bone resorption evaluation of a novel Cathepsin K inhibitor (VEL‐0230) in healthy adult horses. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics, 37(6), 556-564.

Hussein, H., Dulin, J., Smanik, L., Drost, W. T., Russell, D., Wellman, M., & Bertone, A. (2017).
Repeated oral administration of a cathepsin K inhibitor significantly suppresses bone resorption in exercising horses with evidence of increased bone formation and maintained bone turnover. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics, 40(4), 327-334.

Inoue, Y., Matsui, A., Asai, Y., Aoki, F., Yoshimoto, K., Matsui, T., & Yano, H. (2008). Response of biochemical markers of bone metabolism to exercise intensity in Thoroughbred horses. Journal
of equine science, 19(4), 83-89.

Jackson, B. F., Lonnell, C., Verheyen, K. L. P., Dyson, P., Pfeiffer, D. U., & Price, J. S. (2005). Biochemical markers of bone metabolism and risk of dorsal metacarpal disease in 2‐year‐old
Thoroughbreds. Equine veterinary journal, 37(1), 87-91.

Kamr, A. M., Dembek, K. A., Reed, S. M., Slovis, N. M., Zaghawa, A. A., Rosol, T. J., & Toribio, R. E. (2015). Vitamin D metabolites and their association with calcium, phosphorus, and PTH concentrations, severity of illness, and mortality in hospitalized equine neonates. PloS one, 10(6), e0127684.

Kienzle, E., & Zorn, N. (2006, March). Bioavailability of minerals in the horse. In Proceedings of
the 3rd European Equine Nutrition & Health Congress (pp. 27-36).Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.

Klein, B. G. (2013). Cunningham. Fisiología veterinaria (5ª ed.). España: Elsevier.
Knight, D.A., Gabel, A.A., Reed, S. M., Embertson, R. M., Tyznik, W. J., & Bramlage, L. R. (1986). Correlation of dietary mineral to incidence and severity of metabolic bone disease in Ohio and Kentucky. Proceedings of the annual convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, 31, 445-461.

Krook, L., & Lowe, J. E. (1964). Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in the horse. Karger. Lacitignola, L., De Luca, P., Santovito, R., Di Comite, M. S., & Crovace, A. (2018). Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in two ponies. Open veterinary journal, 8(2), 149-153.

Lang, K. J., Nielsen, B. D., & Orth, M. W. (2002). Bone metabolism markers in Arabian horses
during the first two years of life. The Professional Animal Scientist, 18(2), 180-183.

Lepage, O. M., Hartmann, D. J., Eicher, R., Uebelhart, B., Tschudi, P., y Uebelhart, D. (1998). Biochemical markers of bone metabolism in draught and warmblood horses. The Veterinary
Journal, 156(3), 169-175.

Little, D., Redding, W. R., Spaulding, K. A., Dupree, S. H., & Jones, S. L. (2000). Unusual presentation of nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in a Paint colt. Equine Veterinary Education, 12(6), 297-302.

Lohmander, L. S., Atley, L. M., Pietka, T. A., y Eyre, D. R. (2003). The release of crosslinked peptides from type II collagen into human synovial fluid is increased soon after joint injury and in osteoarthritis. Arthritis y Rheumatism, 48(11), 3130-3139.

Lyle‐Dugas, J., Giguère, S., Mallicote, M. F., MacKay, R. J., & Sanchez, L. C. (2016). Factors associated with outcome in 94 hospitalised foals diagnosed with neonatal encephalopathy. Equine veterinary journal, 49(2), 207-210.

Ma, T. W., Li, Y., Wang, G. Y., Li, X. R., Jiang, R. L., Song, X. P., ... & Gao, L. (2017). Changes
in synovial fluid biomarkers after experimental equine osteoarthritis. Journal of Veterinary Research, 61(4), 503-508.

Maidana, L., Avalos, A. y Caceres, L. (2014). Osteodistrofia fibrosa nutricional en equinos criados
sobre pastura de Panicum máximum variedad Gatton panic en la localidad de Boqueron-Alto Paraguay. Compendio de Ciencias Veterinarias, 4(1), 30-35.

Mair, T. S., Yeo, S. P., & Lucke, V. M. (1990). Hypercalcaemia and soft tissue mineralisation associated with lymphosarcoma in two horses. The Veterinary Record, 126(5), 99-101.

Mansmann R.A., Carlson G.P., White N.A. & Milne, D.W. (1974). Synchronous diaphragmatic flutter in horses. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association, 165(3), 265-270.

Mundy, G. R., & Guise, T. A. (1999). Hormonal control of calcium homeostasis. Clinical chemistry, 45(8), 1347-1352.

Ospina, J. C., Doncel, B., & García, N. V. (2014). Maxillofacial Fibrous Osteodystrophy in Equine:
Case Report. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 7(2), 100-105.

Pastoret, V., Carstanjen, B., Lejeune, J. P., Farnir, F., Remy, B., Reginster, J. Y., ... y Gabriel, A. (2007). Evaluation of Serum Osteocalcin and CTX‐I in Ardenner Horses with Special Reference to
Juvenile Interphalangeal Joint Disease. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 54(9), 458-463.
Preciado, A. P. (2000). La estructura ecológica principal de la Sabana de Bogotá. Sociedad Geográfica de Colombia. Martes del planetario, Bogota. InfTec, 1, 1-37.

Price, J. S., Jackson, B., Eastell, R., Goodship, A. E., Blumsohn, A., Wright, I., ... & Russell, R. G. G. (1995). Age related changes in biochemical markers of bone metabolism in horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 27(3), 201-207.

Restrepo, C. V., Méndez, J. M. R., Triana, J., Cardona, E. R., & Orozco, C. A. G. (2010). Determinación de los valores fisiológicos del sodio, el potasio y el ion calcio en plasma, con su variación pre y postejercicio, en caballos de paso fino en la sabana de Bogotá. Revista de Medicina Veterinaria, (20), 71-80.

Romero Barco, C. M., Manrique Arija, S., & Rodríguez Pérez, M. (2012). Marcadores bioquímicos en osteoporosis. Utilidad en la práctica clínica. Reumatología Clínica, 8(3), 149-152.

Ronen N., Van Heerden J., Van Amstel S.R. (1992). Clinical and biochemistry findings, and parathyroid hormone concentrations in three horses with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 63, 134-136.

Ross, M. W., & Dyson, S. J. (2010). Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Rourke, K. M., Kohn, C. W., Levine, A. L., Rosol, T. J., & Toribio, R. E. (2009). Rapid calcitonin response to experimental hypercalcemia in healthy horses. Domestic animal endocrinology, 36(4), 197-201.

Roussel, A. J., Lin, Y. C., Strait, J. R., & Modransky, P. D. (1987). Radioimmunoassay for parathyroid hormone in equids. American journal of veterinary research, 48(4), 586-589.

Salazar, G. A. M. (1999). Estudio de la casuística en equinos con afecciones del aparato locomotor, pacientes del Hospital Veterinario de la Universidad Austral de Chile durante los años 1976 a 1997. (Tesis de Pregrado) Universidad Austral de Chile, Chile.

Schoeb, T.R. & Panciera, R.J. (1978). Blister beetle poisoning in horses. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 173(1), 75-77.

Schryver H.F., Hintz H.F. & Lowe J.E. (1978). Calcium metabolism, body composition, and sweat losses of exercised horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 39, 245-248.

Stewart, J., Liyou, O. & Wilson, G. (2010). Bighead in Horses – Not an Ancient Disease. The Australian Veterinary Journal, 29(1), 55-62.

Stoop, R., Buma, P., Van Der Kraan, P. M., Hollander, A. P., Billinghurst, R. C., Meijers, T. H. M.,
... & Van Den Berg, W. B. (2001). Type II collagen degradation in articular cartilage fibrillation after anterior cruciate ligament transection in rats. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 9(4), 308-315.

Swartzman, J. A., Hintz, H. F. & Schryver, H. F. (1978). Inhibition of calcium absorption in ponies
fed diets containing oxalic acid. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 39(10), 1621-1623.

Tatara, M. R., Gołyński, M., Radzki, R. P., Bieńko, M., & Krupski, W. (2017). Effects of long-term oral administration of methimazole on femur and tibia properties in male Wistar rats. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 94, 124-128.

Toribio R. E. Disorders of calcium and phosphorus. En: Reed SM, Bayly WM, Sellon DC, editors.
Equine internal medicine. St Louis (MO): Saunders/Elsevier; 2010. p. 1277–91.

Toribio, R. E. (2011). Disorders of calcium and phosphate metabolism in horses. Veterinary Clinics
of North America: Equine Practice, 27(1), 129-147.

Toribio, R. E., Kohn, C. W., Chew, D. J., Sams, R. A., & Rosol, T. J. (2001). Comparison of serum parathyroid hormone and ionized calcium and magnesium concentrations and fractional urinary clearance of calcium and phosphorus in healthy horses and horses with enterocolitis. American journal of veterinary research, 62(6), 938-947.

Toribio, R.E., Kohn, C.W., Capen, C.C. & Rosol, T.J. (2003). Parathyroid hormone (PTH)secretion, PTH mRNA and calcium-sensing receptor mRNA expression in equine parathyroid cells, and effects of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha on equine parathyroid cell function. Journal of Molecular
Endocrinology, 31(3), 609-620.

Toribio, R. E., Kohn, C. W., Hardy, J., & Rosol, T. J. (2005). Alterations in serum parathyroid
hormone and electrolyte concentrations and urinary excretion of electrolytes in horses with
induced endotoxemia. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 19(2), 223-231.

Toribio, R. E., Kohn, C. W., Sams, R. A., Capen, C. C., & Rosol, T. J. (2003). Hysteresis and calcium set-point for the calcium parathyroid hormone relationship in healthy horses. General and
comparative endocrinology, 130(3), 279-288.

Trumble, T. N., Brown, M. P., Merritt, K. A., y Billinghurst, R. C. (2007). Serum pre-clinical CTX II (Cartilaps®) assay validation using equine serum. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 15, C78-C79.

Van Doorn, D. A., Everts, H., Wouterse, H., & Beynen, A. C. (2004). The apparent digestibility of phytate phosphorus and the influence of supplemental phytase in horses. Journal of animal science, 82(6), 1756-1763.

Varnell, G. (1860). A peculiar and unusual disease of the osseous tissue in the horse; resembling
in many characteristics mollitis ossium, rachitis, osteoporosis and fatty degeneration of bone. The Veterinarian 33: 493.

Vervuert, I., Winkelsett, S., Christmann, L., Bruns, E., Hoppen, H. O., Distl, O., ... & Coenen, M.
(2007). Evaluation of the influences of exercise, birth date, and osteochondrosis on plasma bone marker concentrations in Hanoverian Warmblood foals. American journal of veterinary research, 68(12), 1319-1323.

Verwilghen, D., Busoni, V., Gangl, M., Franck, T., Lejeune, J. P., Vanderheyden, L., & Serteyn, D.
(2009). Relationship between biochemical markers and radiographic scores in the evaluation of the osteoarticular status of Warmblood stallions. Research in veterinary science, 87(2), 319-328.

Villafañe Arévalo, F. C. M., & Luque, E. (1980). Osteodistrofia fibrosa en caballos: Reporte de un
problema. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias (Colombia), 3(1), 21-27.
Vinocur, M., Brass, K.E, Depra, N.M., Da Cas, E. & Silva, C.A.M. (1999). Calcio, fósforo e atividade da fosfatase alkalina no soro de potros puro sangue de corrida sob duas diferentes situacoes clínicas. Arq. Fac. Vet. UFRGS, Porto Alegre, 27(1), 73-80.

Vitti, D. M. S. S., Furtado, C. E., da Silva Quadros, J. B., Lopes, J. B., da Silva Bueno, I. C., Nozella, E. F., & Godoy, P. B. (2008). Efeitos de diferentes níveis de cálcio dietético na cinética de
cálcio e fósforo em eqüinos. R. Bras. de Zootec., 37(3), 478-486.